Concepts are sketched to demonstrate the student's understanding of the assigned project. In addition to the usual sketches for creating graphic concepts, each student was to use a similar methodology as described by the late architect Doug Dutton in his book Condemned Building. Students are required to create what is known as a "spectrum of discontinuities" by designing images that relate to the story being told. Students use scale and time to assemble ideograms that are subconsciously associated with the narrative and then use these overlapping layers to create the project's primary graphic and spatial concept.